Bridging the Gap: A Literature Review on Advances in Soil-Structure Interaction for Resilient and Safe Civil Infrastructures in Extreme Conditions

Soil structure interaction (SSI) impacts the dynamic response as well as the earthquake resistance capacity of structures such as tall buildings, offshore platforms and nuclear power plants. This article will generate new developments at the level of modelling, experimental techniques of SSI with emphasis on the analysis of the reaction of these structures subjected to intense dynamic loads such as earthquakes, vibrations caused by high-speed trains and hydrodynamic phenomena such as flash floods. We will present two advanced numerical: the material point method (MPM) and Reduced order models (ROM) alongside classic methods such as the finite element methods (FEM), the boundary element method (BEM) and hybrid strategies BEM-FEM. We will also present technical experiments to validate the results of digital methods such as centrifugal tests and shaking tables. Finally, the article discusses the use of AI and machine learning for the improvement of predictive precision for the optimization of the design and for the security of the creation of infrastructures. This review highlights the importance of integrating soil-structure interaction in all our design studies to guarantee the safety and durability of structures in critical or sensitive areas and environments.