Risk factor analysis in the first 1,000 days of life

Stunting is determined by the first 1,000 days of life, based on factors related to the child, parents, and environment. Unfortunately, previous studies have produced varying results regarding their impact on stunting. This study analyzes the impact of individual risk factors related to the child, family, and environment on stunting. Methods: This study is a case-control study. The total sample consisted of 74 stunted children and 197 non-stunted children in the working area of the Srandakan Community Health Center, Bantul District. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires. Bivariate analysis used chi-square and multivariate analysis used logistic regression. The risk factors with the greatest significant influence on stunting are maternal factors, namely a mid-upper arm circumference of less than 23.5 cm (OR= 2.078, p= 0.037). Individual child factors that prevent stunting include a normal birth height (OR= 0.100, p= 0.000<0.05) and the absence of infectious diseases (OR= 0.310, p= 0.019). Other risk factors significantly associated with stunting include abnormal birth weight and chronic maternal energy deficiency. Conclusion: Maternal factors are the greatest risk factors for stunting compared to individual, family, and environmental factors, but individual children's factors have a protective effect against stunting.