Research on the impact of biofertilizers on the productivity of an intensive apple orchard

The research is devoted to studying the influence of traditional mineral fertilizers and biofertilizers on the indicators of preservation, growth, individual productivity and yield of apple fruits in an intensive semi-dwarf apple orchard of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University during 2022-2024. One of the important factors in the formation and preservation of apple fruit yield is the total number of fruits set on one tree and the intensity of their fall. We found the largest number of apple fruits set on one tree when fertilized with Bionorma nitrogen-330 pieces. This was 23.9% more than in the control variant without fertilizer, where 251 fruits were set. The greatest fruit shedding in June was detected in the control variant without fertilizer application-22.6% of the total number of laid fruits. The least fruit fell on the variants with the application of biofertilizer Bionorm nitrogen-12.6% and mineral phosphorus P60-12.9% of the total number of laid fruits. Among the variants with fertilizer application, the greatest number of fruit fell in June, where Bionorm phosphorus fertilizer was applied-17.5%. The indicators of individual fruit productivity are their number on the tree and the average weight of one fruit. The largest number of fruits on one tree was established on the variant of applying the biofertilizer Bionorma nitrogen-283 fruits, which was 95 apple fruits more than on the control variant, where there were 188 fruits. Also, many apple fruits were found on the variant of applying the complex mineral fertilizer N60P60K60-267 pieces.