Innovative hybrid health education (Digital Media and Phantom Simulation) to improve knowledge among adolescent girls

One of the leading causes of death among women in Indonesia is breast cancer. Breast self-examination (BSE) can be performed by every woman as an early detection effort. However, women's knowledge and awareness of performing BSE remain low. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education using multimedia and demonstration on adolescent girls' knowledge regarding early detection of breast cancer through BSE. The research employed a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample was selected using total sampling, involving 55 junior and senior high school girls at PKBM STQ Telaga Ilmu Yogyakarta. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of 20 dichotomous items. The education was delivered using multimedia and demonstrations with a breast examination phantom. The results showed that the average pretest score was 8.13, while the posttest score was 19.44. The findings demonstrated that the educational intervention improved participants' knowledge about early detection of breast cancer. This study indicates that multimedia-based health education can effectively enhance adolescents' knowledge of breast cancer early detection. Therefore, PKBM and similar institutions need to integrate reproductive health education into continuous, practical, and accessible learning for adolescent girls.