ROLE OF PHARMACOGENOMICS IN PERSONALIZED CANCER THERAPY

Pharmacogenomics, a field that investigates the impact of genetic differences on drug metabolism and efficacy, has turned over a new leaf in the treatment of cancers by making it possible to select drugs according to patient and tumor characteristics. The integration of both germline and somatic genomic data allows practitioners to select the best combinations of chemotherapy, targeted therapy, hormonal therapy, and immunotherapy to achieve maximum efficacy and least adverse effects. Major pharmacogenomic markers such as CYP2D6, UGT1A1, DPYD, EGFR, BRAF, HER2, and PD-L1 assist in determining the drug, its dosage, and the order of therapies. Notwithstanding the issues of high expense, tumor diversity and a shortage of uniform guidelines that accompany doing pharmacogenomics, the use of the aforementioned technologies ensures the future of precision oncology is bright. A pharmacogenomics-based personalized treatment has the potential to excel in clinical results, cause less suffering and lead the way toward a more routinized, patient-focused approach to cancer treatment.