SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE ECONOMICS OF RESOURCE-SAVING AGRICULTURE

This article presents a complex of interdisciplinary studies of the theoretical foundations of the economy of resource-saving farming (RSF) as an emerging scientific paradigm. The work systematizes and analyzes the key concepts that determine the transition from a resource-intensive agricultural model to a resource-producing one. Three fundamental agrotechnical principles of RSF (minimal soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, and crop rotations) are analyzed in detail, and their transformation into economic efficiency factors is examined through the lens of changes in the structure of costs and revenues. The article proposes a structure for the economic mechanism of the RSD, highlights the features of the transition period, and emphasizes the need for an integrated assessment of efficiency that goes beyond traditional ROI and includes the consideration of ecosystem services and the value of natural capital. Special attention is paid to the macroeconomic and institutional conditions necessary for the mass implementation of RSE, including adequate government support tools, the development of green financing, and information infrastructure. The paper also classifies the main economic, informational, and behavioral barriers to transition and proposes ways to overcome them. In conclusion, promising areas of research in this field are formulated, and the role of the RSE economy is justified as a strategic imperative for ensuring food security and environmental sustainability in the 21st century.