Comparative Analysis: See-through versus Monitor-based Headsets in Mixed Reality Helicopter Simulation

Helicopters, because of their vertical take-off and landing capability, are an important vehicle for demanding missions such as search and rescue operations and transportation into confined areas. Therefore, training is essential to minimize the risk of helicopter missions due to human error. To date, simulation is increasingly used for helicopter training, where typically certified full-flight simulators are utilized. Innovative visual systems are required to increase the frequency of training and to develop smaller, mobile, low-maintenance, and cost-effective simulators. This study explores the potential of mixed reality (MR) headsets to replace traditional projection systems with dome technology, significantly reducing simulator size while enhancing portability and practicality. Specifically, a preliminary comparative analysis is conducted between see-through headsets and monitor-based headsets in the MR helicopter simulation. Therefore, a piloted campaign compares an augmented reality configuration with a see-through display, MR and virtual reality configuration with a monitor-based display, and conventional simulation with TV displays at a research helicopter simulator. Results show that the MR configuration is preferred by pilots, demonstrating its effectiveness for helicopter training and highlighting its potential and limitations as a novel visual system.