Ergonomics-Driven Product Development: A Review of Design Approaches and User-Centric Innovations

Ergonomics plays a vital role in product development by optimizing the interaction between users, systems, and environments to enhance comfort, efficiency, and safety. This review highlights the significance of ergonomics as a core design element, emphasizing its impact on usability, performance, and market acceptance of products. Various ergonomics strategies such as anthropometric data integration, cognitive ergonomics, human–machine interface design, and iterative user testing are discussed as essential tools for achieving user-centric solutions. The paper also reviews recent advancements including digital human modeling, virtual prototyping, and simulation-based ergonomics evaluation. Findings indicate that ergonomics-based design reduces musculoskeletal risks, improves product satisfaction, and supports sustainable innovation in manufacturing industries. The review concludes that integrating ergonomics at early design stages significantly improves product quality and contributes to successful commercialization.