Assessment of Adipsin and Lipid Profile in Iraqi Women with Thyroid Dysfunction

Background & Objective: Thyroid dysfunction (TD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are among the most common endocrine disorders, both strongly linked to metabolic dysregulation.Adipsin, an adipokine, has been implicated in obesityrelated cardiometabolic diseases and may serve as a potential biomarker.This study aimed to evaluate serum adipsin and lipid profile levels in Iraqi women with thyroid dysfunction, to investigate their diagnostic value, and to assess whether these patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Materials & Methods:This case-control study included 130 women aged 25-55 years, of whom 100 had thyroid dysfunction and 30 served as healthy controls.Patients were divided into four groups: G1, hypothyroidism (n=25); G2, hypothyroidism with DM (n=25); G3, hyperthyroidism (n=25); and G4, hyperthyroidism with DM (n=25).Serum adipsin and lipid parameters, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (Chol), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-ch), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-ch), were measured and compared across groups.Results: There were an important elevation in Triglycerides (TG), total Cholesterol (Chol), and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-ch) levels in G2 and G3, also TG was significant increase in G3 and G4, in addition a significant elevation in LDL-ch in G4.While there were an important decrease in High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-ch) levels in all patient groups.Adipsin levels were significantly higher in all patient groups than in the control group, according to the study. Conclusion:The current study suggests that Adipsin may have a potential role as a diagnostic and follow-up marker of DM in patients with thyroid disease, but further studies are needed to confirm this.Compared to hyperthyroidism, patients with hypothyroidism may be at risk for cardiovascular diseases.Additionally, adipsin may be considered a diagnostic marker for thyroid dysfunction.