Molecular Study of Antibiotics Resistance of Actinomycetes bacterium. Bacteria Isolated from the Root Canals of Some Dental Patients in Misan City

Background: In the oral cavity, Actinomyces bacteria constitute a significant proportion of the native oral microbiota. They are opportunistic pathogens associated with a wide range of diseases caused by microbes that live in biofilms, such as periodontal disease Actinomycetes bacterium is a Gram-positive, filamentous, non-spore-forming, slow-growing, facultative anaerobic bacterium found in the oral cavity as part of the normal human commensal floraObjective: This study aimed to detect and isolate Actinomycetes bacterium from the oral cavities of patients, specifically those with infected root canals, aged 13 to 75 years, in Misan City center, southern Iraq. Methodology: These isolates were identified using both traditional methods (Gram Stain and Biochemical Tests) and Molecular methods, including PCR and 16S rDNA gene sequencing based on the NCBI GenBank. Results: In the oral cavity, Actinomyces bacteria constitute a significant proportion of the native oral microbiota. They are opportunistic pathogens associated with a wide range of diseases caused by microbes that live in biofilms, such as periodontal disease. They are also commonly found in pulpitis and extra-radicular infections, and can lead to fatal diseases, including those of the nervous system, cardiovascular system, and gastrointestinal system. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that all isolates of Actinomycetes bacterium were resistance to several antibiotcs comprising seven antibiotics. Levofloxacin, Amoxyclav, Tetracycline, Doxycycline, Ampicillin, Erythromycin, and Vincomycine.