Analysis of factors influencing the incidence of schizophrenia in the inpatient room of mental Hospitals in Southeast Sulawesi Province in 2025

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by disturbances in thought processes, emotions, perceptions, and behaviors that are influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. Data from the Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Mental Hospital shows an increase in schizophrenia cases from year to year, so a study is needed to find out the factors that affect the occurrence of this disorder. This study aims to analyze the influence of education, family support, income, and social environment on the incidence of schizophrenia in inpatients at the Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Psychiatric Hospital. This study is a quantitative research with a cross sectional design. The population is all schizophrenic patients who will be hospitalized by 2025, with sampling using the Simple random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using structured questionnaires, and data analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression. The results of the study showed that education, family support, income, and social environment had a significant effect on the incidence of schizophrenia. Family support and a negative social environment increase the risk of schizophrenia, while higher education and income play a protective role. The most dominant variable was family support. This study emphasizes the importance of family-based interventions and strengthening socioeconomic factors in efforts to prevent and control schizophrenia.