Smart Strategies for Sustainable Ports: The Mediating Role of Environmental Management in the Context of Technology and Risk

This study impacts the influence of technology and risk management on sustainable port development, with environmental management serving as a mediating variable. Using data from the operational context of Tanjung Priok Port and analyzed through a SmartPLS approach, the findings reveal that technology contributes significantly to environmental management, although it does not directly influence port sustainability. Risk management exhibits a strong and direct positive effect on environmental management and sustainable port development. Environmental management is confirmed to play a significant mediating role in translating technology- and risk-based strategies into sustainability outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of integrating smart technology and risk-based approaches into environmental practices to achieve sustainable port operations. Practical implications are offered for port authorities, policymakers, and researchers seeking to design more effective green port strategies aligned with global sustainability goals.