Optimizing monazite recovery from tin tailings: A comprehensive review of physical techniques and methodologies

Monazite is one of the rare earth minerals that is predicted to grow fast in the worldwide market between 2023 and 2030. However, the global mining industry is encountering lower grades and lower-quality orebodies, so better selectivity is needed to keep monazite competitive. In this context, the present research and review endeavour to consolidate and rejuvenate initiatives on selective enhancement, while systematically evaluating derivative industrial separators, including magnetic and electrostatic separators. Based on these descriptions, the parameters used in operating the two separators, such as roll diameter, roll speed, temperature, and particle size, are examined to improve the recovery of monazite.