Food Processing for a Sustainable Future: The Role of Resource-Efficient Technologies and Waste Management

This study examines the sustainability dynamics of Indonesia's food processing sector, a critical yet underexplored industry that has a direct impact on national food security, public health, and rural livelihoods. Unlike prior research that often isolates environmental, economic, or social aspects, this study uniquely integrates environmental sustainability, economic viability, social well-being, and nutritional integrity into a single analytical framework. The Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methodology was applied to identify and analyze the interrelationships among these sustainability factors and their impacts on industry resilience and performance. The results reveal critical challenges, including significant environmental waste, financial constraints among small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and social inequities in labor conditions. The analysis indicates that improving waste management and adopting resource-efficient technologies not only enhances economic outcomes but also promotes social equity through fair labor practices and community engagement. Additionally, consumer preferences for healthier and sustainably produced food highlight shifting market dynamics that processors must address to remain competitive. While this study acknowledges limitations related to sample diversity and data interpretation, its findings contribute new knowledge by demonstrating how multi-dimensional sustainability interdependencies shape industry resilience. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of policy reforms, technological innovations, and evolving consumer behavior on sustainability performance. This research provides actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners to strengthen waste management systems, promote resource-efficient practices, and support SMEs in achieving sustainable growth.