Renal Function Alterations Associated with Diabetes: A Study Conducted in Dakhla

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease of rising prevalence throughout the world and a major public health problem. One of its more severe complications is diabetic nephropathy, a major cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure. The objective of this comparative study in Dakhla was to compare renal function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. The following biological markers were analyzed: GFR (glomerular filtration rate), and HbA1c, fasting glucose, urea, albumin. Excellent renal failure is observed in the diabetics with an average GFR of 49.6 mL/min/1.73 m² compared to 72 mL/min/1.73 m² in non-diabetics. There was a significant positive correlation between HbA1c and diab etes duration (r = 0.584, p < 0.001) as well as a negative association of HbA1c with eGFR (r = -0.235, p < 0.05), suggesting that poor glycemic control is contributing to the decrease in renal function. These results underscore the significance of early identification, good glycemic control, screening and lifestyle interventions as a part to prevent or delay progression in Diabetic nephropathy.