Eventos meteorológicos extremos de tipo ciclone tropical e seus grandes impactos em Moçambique, no período de 1926 a 2021

ABSTRACT: The monitoring and prediction of tropical cyclones in Mozambique rely on short databases that sometimes lead to inadequate interpretations due to the lack of precision in equipment and limited human resources. Misinterpretations are also related to the notoriously unstable climatic conditions in the oceanic domain, especially in the Mozambique Channel region, particularly in recent years. It is essential to have a better understanding of the history of these events, as Mozambique has been frequently devastated by tropical cyclones. In this paper, we present our contribution to reconstructing the historical record of these events, their human and material impacts on Mozambican territory from 1926 to 2021. In this interval, 33 tropical cyclones were highly destructive, causing severe human, material and environmental impacts. The research has shown that extreme meteorological events of the tropical cyclone type cause greater human, material and infrastructure damage, mainly because of their duration after landfall and because they are associated with heavy rainfall after energy dissipation.