Особливості постуральної стабільності у фізично здорових дітей та з особливими освітніми потребами за результатами спеціальної інструментальної фіксації

The article discusses data on the validity and reliability of the developed software and hardware complex for recording the results of 14-17-year-old students from the healthy population and those with special educational needs in the postural stability test. The aim of the study was to experimentally determine the compliance of the software and hardware complex, developed based on the latest electronics, with metrological requirements for recording the results of adolescents and young people from different nosological groups in the postural stability test. Materials and methods. The study involved 34 girls and 34 boys with special educational needs and 24 girls and 22 boys from the healthy population; their ages ranged from 14.5±0.4 to 15.1±0.3 years. The developed complex was used to record results in BESS, which enables the assessment of postural stability development in different population groups. The reliability and criterion validity of the developed complex and the traditional method of recording test results were determined. The data of girls and boys from the healthy population, as well as those with special educational needs due to diseases of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, were analyzed separately. Results. The experimental data showed a discrepancy in the values of reliability and validity when recording results in BESS traditionally and using the developed complex. Thus, in the first case, the reliability of girls and boys from the healthy population was average (rtt from 0.355 to 0.611 and from 0.342 to 0.617, respectively), and validity was predominantly low (rtt from 0.182 to 0.343, from 0.182 to 0.331). The use of the developed complex ensured a high level of reliability (in girls, it was characterized by rtt from 0.901 to 0.951, in boys, from 0.902 to 0.954) and average validity (rtt from 0.591 to 687 and from 0.601 to 0.687). Similar levels, with the exception of correlation coefficients, were observed for the reliability and validity of the results in girls with cardiovascular and nervous system diseases, as well as in boys. Conclusions. The use of girls aged 14-17 from a healthy population and with special educational needs due to diseases of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, as well as boys, was noted with practically the same values of validity and reliability. However, in all cases, the developed complex for recording results in BESS prevailed over the traditional (visual) method. Objective, accurate, and reliable information obtained from the developed complex can significantly increase the effectiveness of personal physical activity programs for improving postural stability in adolescents and young people.