Thermal Performance Assessment of a Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger Utilizing Metal Foam and Nanofluids Oxide

The current numerical study aims to discover the outcome of the metal foam and nanofluids on the performance of a heat exchanger in contrast with smooth heat exchanger. Water was used as a working fluid at flow rate 2,3,4,5 Lpm. The outer pipe has diameter 60 mm and length 609.6mm, and an inner pipe with an diameter 20 mm. The numerical simulation was conducted by using ANSYS FLUENT 2022 R1 software. Metal foam with the porosity of 0.9 and 40 ppi was used. The cases considered in the analysis including a heat exchanger with a full copper foam baffle, metal foam with three shapes of holes triangle, square and circle and nano fluid of 1% CuO. Results showed the highest cold-water temperature is obtained when using full metal foam baffles with an increasing in the percentage 10% compared with smooth pipe, full metal foam baffles result in a substantial improvement Nu of up to 184 % while, CuO nonfluids enhances Nu by 50%, metal foam with circle holes provide PEC of 1.92 while, metal foam with circle holes combined with 1% CuO provide the maximum value PEC of 2.14.