A case report of myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) with neutrophilia; an evidence of changes in their dynamics

Myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) with neutrophilia, previously referred to as atypical chronic myeloid leukaemia (aCML), constitute a disease entity of BCR-ABL1 negative MDS/MPN according to the new 5th edition World Health Organization (WHO) classification. It is characterized by an overlap syndrome that combines features of both myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative disorders, with a high propensity for progressing to acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and an overall unfavourable prognosis. We report the case of a 72-year-old female who was referred to our hospital for further investigation of anaemia, thrombocytopaenia, and leucocytosis and was diagnosed with MDS/MPN with neutrophilia. Bone marrow morphology exhibited hypercellular marrow with dysplastic features in all three lineages. Our case report and literature review offer valuable insights into the dynamics of the morphological features of MDS/MPN with neutrophilia.