SOLUCIONES BASADAS EN LA NATURALEZA PARA MITIGAR EL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO Y ADAPTARSE A ÉL

As climate change impacts intensify globally, identifying effective and integrated approaches to mitigation and adaptation is increasingly urgent. This article investigates the potential of Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) as multifunctional strategies capable of simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing socioecological resilience. Through a structured bibliographic review of peer-reviewed articles, institutional reports, and case studies published between 2018 and 2024, the study synthesizes current scientific evidence on the role of NbS in climate policy and practice. The findings reveal that NbS can contribute up to 30% of the mitigation needed to meet the Paris Agreement targets and reduce climate-related risks by 26%, particularly through ecosystem restoration, urban greening, and sustainable land management. Despite growing recognition, gaps remain in implementation, financing, and policy integration. The article offers actionable recommendations for embedding NbS into national planning, local governance, and urban infrastructure design, emphasizing the need for inclusive, context-specific strategies. By bridging knowledge and practice, this review reinforces the strategic importance of NbS in building a climate-resilient and sustainable future.