Сравнительный анализ экспериментальных и расчетных данных по турбулентному течению жидкого металла в трубе под действием поперечного магнитного поля и нагрева снизу

The article presents the results of direct numerical simulation of mercury flow in a horizontal pipe under non-uniform bottom heating in the presence of a transverse magnetic field. The study focuses on the analysis of hydrodynamics and heat transfer under conditions of thermogravitational convection induced by localized heating and magnetohydrodynamic effects. It is shown that the transverse magnetic field significantly suppresses transverse velocity components, stabilizes the flow, and alters the structure of convective vortices, leading to anisotropy in turbulent transport and the formation of characteristic Hartmann and boundary layers. Analysis of velocity and temperature fields reveals regimes of instability suppression and restructuring of large-scale circulation. A comparison of statistical characteristics of temperature fluctuation intensities, as well as dimensionless quantities, with experimental data [1] is performed. The comparison and analysis of the obtained results enhance the understanding of processes occurring in liquid metals under the combined influence of gravitational, thermal, and electromagnetic fields, which is of interest for the development of cooling systems in nuclear reactors with liquid metal coolants