a retrospective observational analysis

Funding Information: KAN, JT, and SS are supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (2019/GNT1194959; grant number GA80134). JT is supported by the Australian Research Council (grant number FT220100650). CM is supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research Global Health Research Centre Non-Communicable Diseases and Environmental Change (award number NIHR203247) with aid from the UK Government to support global health research. LG and RFH are supported by funding from the UK Prevention Research Partnership (grant number MR/V049704/1) and Economic and Social Research Council (grant number ES/V016075/1). Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license