A Situated Model for Understanding and Cultivating Creative Actions in Sport

Creativity in sport is often framed as a rare trait linked to performance outcomes and match-winning moments. This chapter challenges such narrow perspectives by introducing the Situated Model of Creative Action in Sport (SIMCAS), a developmental and inclusive framework grounded in cultural psychology. SIMCAS conceptualizes creativity as a dynamic, relational quality of action that emerges through the interaction between individuals and their environment. The model outlines four<br/>interrelated dimensions – normativity, intentionality, materiality, and capability – that shape the affordances available to players and coaches in specific contexts. Rather than treating creativity as a performative end, SIMCAS positions it as a developmental means to enhance learning, wellbeing, and long-term engagement in sport. Drawing on empirical studies and practical examples, the chapter demonstrates how creativity can be cultivated through safe, playful, and autonomy-supportive environments that encourage exploration, risk-taking, and habit-breaking. By shifting focus from outcomes to processes, SIMCAS offers a conceptual foundation for designing and delivering creativity-nurturing practices in team ball sports. The model invites practitioners, researchers, and educators to rethink creativity as a shared, situated, and accessible resource for all participants – regardless of age, skill level, or position.