A Review of Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0 Applications

The Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operations (AECO) industry faces increasing complexity and inefficiencies, often hindered by delayed adoption of digital technologies. Tools such as Building Information Modelling (BIM), the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) offer significant potential to improve productivity, collaboration, and cost-effectiveness across project lifecycles. However, their integration remains limited compared to other sectors. Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0 present opportunities to transform the AECO industry by combining advanced technologies with human-centric and sustainable values. Despite the relevance, their applications within AECO are underexplored, necessitating a structured evaluation of the enablers, barriers, and pathways for adoption. This study systematically reviews existing literature using the PRISMA methodology and bibliometric analysis to assess the state of digital transformation in AECO through the lenses of Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0. Key technologies, implementation challenges, and strategies are identified to guide future research directions and practical integration, paving the way for a resilient and sustainable built environment. The findings also underscore the growing need to embed digital transformation within supportive policy frameworks and equity-driven workforce development strategies.