Capturing subjective experiences of atypical depression:A qualitative investigation of perceived aetiological factors and gender influences.

Background: Subjective perspectives on aetiological factors in atypical depression (AD) have not been previously explored from the viewpoint of those with lived experience.<br/><br/>Aims: This study aimed to explore individuals’ subjective experiences and explanations of AD, and to examine whether perceived gender-specific influences might contribute the observed gender disparity in AD prevalence.<br/><br/>Methods: Semi-structured, one-to-one interviews were conducted online with 16 individuals. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, employing an inductive approach, interpreted within a constructionist framework. Data coding was conducted using NVivo. <br/><br/>Results: Key themes centred on the prevalence of comorbid conditions and how they affected AD presentation; how trauma was seen as both a causal factor and catalyst; the subjective impact of gender identity and roles; how environmental factors seemed to affect AD onset and presentation; the difficulties experienced with AD symptom variability in daily life; and reported coping behaviours.<br/><br/>Conclusion: These findings highlight how individuals with AD believed onset to be linked to experiences of trauma and comorbidity, in addition to ongoing influences of varied environmental factors. The variability of AD symptoms in the short- and long-term appears to be a core challenge in this subgroup. The gender disparity of AD is also explored through the lens of lived experience and gender identity. Future research would benefit from exploring further these potential contributing factors, to provide a better understanding of their complex influences on AD onset and maintenance. <br/>