One-step production of laser-induced graphene via CO2 laser on agarose-lignin membranes

Funding Information: FEDER funds partially financed this work through the COMPETE 2020 Programme and National funds from FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, IP, in the scope of Projects LA/P/0037/2020, UIDP/50025/2020 and UIDB/50025/2020 of the Associate Laboratory Institute of Nanostructures, Nanomodeling and Nanofabrication—i3N and Project LIGHEART (2022.08597.PTDC), Scientific Employment Stimulus to HV A (2020.01194.CEECIND) and J D (CEECINST/00102/2018), European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement Number 101008701 (EMERGE, H2020-INFRAIA-2020-1) partially supported this work. Also, this work was supported by two PRR Projects: Pacto Bioeconomia Azul (C644915664-00000026) and Fossil to Forrest (C644920945-00000036). M M acknowledges funding from FCT, I P, through the PhD Grant 2022.13806.BD (10.54499/2022.13806.BD). Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.