Development and Characterization of Bioboards from Abura Sawdust using Response Surface Methodology

Particleboards and fibreboards are commonly produced using synthetic binders which are harmful to humans and the environment. Replacing synthetic-based particleboards with renewable alternatives, such as binderless boards, are safer and promote circular economy. The best processing parameters need to be determined in order to produce high quality binderless boards from biomass materials. Limited studies exist on the use of abura wood for production of biodegradable boards. This study developed empirical models to predict physicomechanical characteristics of biodegradable boards produced from abura (Mitragyna ciliata) sawdust using a laboratory hot press. The independent variables were pressure (10-16 MPa), temperature (100-170°C) and pressing time (5-15 min). Regression models were suitable to predict the density (R2 =82.12%), Modulus of Rupture, MOR (R2 = 82.59%), Modulus of Elasticity, MOE (R2 = 68.55%), and Internal Bonding strength, IBS (R2 = 71.16%) of the bioboards. From the results, pressure and temperature significantly determined the density and MOE of abura sawdust bioboards. The interaction between pressure and temperature was significant to MOE. The highest values of the density, MOR, MOE and IBS were 699.2 kg/m3, 1.1 MPa, 100.4 MPa and 0.049 MPa, respectively. This study found that pressure of 16 MPa, pressing temperature of 170 °C, and pressing time of 15 min resulted in the highest values of density, MOE, MOR and IBS. The findings from this study are useful in understanding and improving the manufacturing process of bioboards.