Pilot Fatigue and Required Rest period for Korean Air Force pilots flying High-performance Aircraft

Over the years, significant advancements have been made in aircraft technology and in understanding the detrimental effects of fatigue on flight performance. However, integrating these advancements into crew rest regulations, particularly for the Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF) operating high-performance jets, requires further review. This study employs a systematic review with thematic analysis to assess whether ROKAF’s current rest regulations are sufficient. Relevant studies were identified from English-language databases (e.g., FAA, ICAO, Google Scholar) and Korean-language databases (e.g., RISS, KCI). Titles and abstracts were initially reviewed, followed by full-text assessments based on inclusion and exclusion criteria focusing on military and civil aviation regulations, fatigue management, and the physical and psychological demands of high-performance jet pilots. Data from 46 selected studies were categorized into three themes: (1) required capabilities in military aviation, (2) the influence of fatigue on pilot safety and performance, and (3) a comparative examination of rest period regulations across ROKAF, U.S. military, FAA, EASA, and Korean civil aviation. Findings highlight the significant impact of fatigue on cognitive functions, including decision-making, situational awareness, multitasking ability, and the capacity to process complex information. Additionally, compared to standards used in the U.S. military and international civil aviation, ROKAF’s current crew rest regulations appear less aligned with current fatigue research and best practices, particularly regarding circadian rhythms and ensuring eight hours of uninterrupted sleep. Based on these findings, the study recommends revising ROKAF’s rest period regulations to incorporate circadian rhythm research, developing compensatory standards for various operational environments, and adopting Fatigue Risk Management Systems (FRMS) iv as seen in civil aviation. It also suggests considering the unique physiological and operational fatigue in high-performance jet operations and further informing fatigue management strategies.