Analysis and assessment of hybrid topologies for energy storage systems oriented for electric vehicles: An experimental case study on supercapacitors and a high energy density device

Hybrid energy storage systems consist of two or more types of energy storage technologies, usually including batteries and supercapacitors. The complementary characteristics of these hybrid systems make them outperform any individual energy storage device, depending on the energy requirements of the application in different scenarios or under certain conditions. This work introduces a variety of different energy storage systems, while later on different topologies composed of supercapacitors and an energy-dense device are experimentally analyzed to solve their contrasting limitations. Additionally, a control strategy is implemented in each topology to regulate energy distribution, enhancing system performance under varying load conditions. Finally, the results are presented and discussed, validating the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid topologies in mitigating the limitations of individual energy storage devices.