Правова основа боротьби з кіберзлочинністю: актуальні проблеми та шляхи вирішення

The dynamic evolution of cyberspace has generated complex legal and technological challenges that demand a coordinated international response. As digital communication networks expand beyond national borders, cybercrime has acquired a transboundary dimension that exposes the structural limitations of domestic legal systems. This research undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the legal foundations governing the fight against cybercrime, with particular emphasis on identifying systemic deficiencies, conceptual ambiguities, and enforcement gaps within existing regulatory frameworks. The study examines how the rapid advancement of information and communication technologies has intensified the scale and sophistication of cyber offences, thereby transforming them into a critical threat to global and national security. The multifaceted and highly technical nature of these offences complicates the creation of effective mechanisms for prevention, detection, and prosecution. Consequently, one of the pressing challenges facing law enforcement bodies and international institutions is to refine their understanding of cybercrime, modernize investigative tools, and ensure timely adaptation to emerging threats. By employing a doctrinal and comparative methodology, the research analyzes international conventions, national legislation, and judicial practices to assess their adequacy in addressing cross- border digital crimes. Particular attention is devoted to the legal difficulties surrounding digital evidence gathering, jurisdictional conflicts, and data-sharing procedures. The study argues that strengthening the legal framework, improving institutional specialization, and expanding international cooperation are essential for building a coherent and resilient system of cyber justice. Ultimately, this research contributes to the ongoing academic and policy discourse by proposing scientifically grounded strategies aimed at enhancing legislative harmonization, promoting the use of modern investigative technologies, and fostering a unified global approach to combating cybercrime in an era of accelerating digital transformation.