Urgensi Hague Convention 1980 atas hak asuh anak lintas yurisdiksi di Indonesia dan Malaysia perspektif Maqashid Syariah (sertifikat hak cipta)

This study analyses the urgency of Indonesia’s ratification of the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction in cross-border child custody disputes and explores its implications through the lens of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah as developed by Jamaluddin al-ʿAtiyyah. Using an empirical socio-legal approach, it combines conceptual and statute analysis with official data, expert interviews and documentary research on relevant legislation and case law. The findings show that, although Indonesian law recognises the child’s right to protection, it lacks effective mechanisms for cross-jurisdiction enforcement. Recent high-profile cases reveal gaps in the application of Article 330 of the Criminal Code, the absence of a central authority and reliance on slow diplomatic channels, which create prolonged legal uncertainty and psychosocial harm for children and caregivers. Constitutional Court Decision No. 140/PUU-XXI/2023, which confirms that biological parents may be prosecuted for abducting their own children, is an important step but remains confined to the domestic sphere. Comparative analysis with European and North American jurisdictions, as well as Singapore and Vietnam, shows that ratification of the Hague Convention accelerates return and access procedures, curbs forum shopping and strengthens the executability of domestic custody decisions abroad. From the maqāṣid al-sharīʿah perspective, ratification realises the protection of life (ḥifẓ al-nafs) and lineage (ḥifẓ al-nasl) within al-ʿAtiyyah’s multi-level maqāṣid al-usrah and public maqāṣid framework. The study concludes that ratification is a constitutional obligation and religious-ethical imperative, and recommends institutional reforms to align Indonesia’s child protection regime with international standards while remaining faithful to Islamic legal values.