БУДІВЛІ З МАЙЖЕ НУЛЬОВИМ СПОЖИВАННЯМ ЕНЕРГІЇ (NZEB) – СТАЛИЙ ШЛЯХ У МАЙБУТНЄ ЗАБУДОВИ ТА БОЛГАРСЬКИЙ ДОСВІД

The concept of Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (NZEBs) represents a transformative shift in the design, construction, and operation of buildings, aiming to significantly reduce energy consumption and environmental impact. The revised Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EU/2024/1275) [1] requires all new buildings to meet higher levels of performance than before, by exploring more the alternative energy supply systems available locally on a cost-efficiency basis and without prejudicing the occupants’comfort. As global concerns about climate change, energy security, and resource depletion intensify, the building sector, which accounts for approximately 30–40% of global energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, has come under increasing scrutiny. NZEBs are designed to minimize energy demand through high-efficiency systems and passive design strategies while meeting the remaining energy needs through renewable energy sources produced on-site or nearby. In this context we are going to share the Bulgarian experience and show several examples of such buildings from Bulgaia.