The effect of dissolved non-condensable gas on cavitation within a nozzle

Cavitation is a phenomenon where liquid changes phase to vapour when the static pressure drops below<br/>its saturated pressure. Contaminants in the liquid, wall roughness, and dissolved gas, can pose as nucleation<br/>sites enhancing cavitation behaviour. Cavitation bubbles collapse when the static pressure increases. However,<br/>when dissolved non-condensable gas is present, gas may diffuse into the cavitation bubbles, impeding collapse.<br/>The release of gas changes the effective bulk modulus and viscosity, which in turn affects performance and reliability of hydraulic systems (Freudigmann et al., 2017). Optimisation and mitigation strategies for gas release<br/>in hydraulic systems can be developed by understanding cavitation behaviour in the presence of dissolved gas.<br/>