Методологічне обґрунтування державного регулювання і саморегулювання розвитку банківського сектору та його фінансової безпеки

Abstract. The modern banking sector is developing under conditions of global challenges, digital transformation, and intensified integration into the global financial space. Its key characteristics include the growing role of macroprudential policy, the necessity of ensuring financial stability, and the formation of a balanced combination of state regulation and self-regulation mechanisms. Problem statement. Traditional regulatory and administrative approaches have proven insufficient to prevent crises, as evidenced during financial shocks and especially under the conditions of Ukraine’s wartime economy. This highlights the need for a methodological justification of a modern supervisory system that combines state control with institutions of self-regulation. Unresolved aspects of the problem. Despite the implementation of Basel III standards, FSB recommendations, and DORA provisions, unresolved issues remain in the Ukrainian banking sector, including the harmonization of international requirements with national specifics, ensuring the institutional independence of the National Bank of Ukraine, and the development of effective banking associations. Purpose of the article. To formulate a comprehensive methodological framework that combines state regulation and self-regulation of the banking sector in order to safeguard its financial security and resilience to crisis challenges. Presentation of the main material.The article summarizes classical and modern scientific approaches (Diamond-Dybvig, Stiglitz-Weiss models, Allen-Gale’s contagion concept, and C. Borio’s macroprudential developments) and analyzes the National Bank of Ukraine’s experience with implementing SREP, stress testing, and cybersecurity measures. It substantiates three methodological approachessystemic, integrative, and risk-based. Key components of the methodology are identified: the regulatory and legal framework, institutional structure, supervisory instruments, corporate governance and self-regulation standards, technological infrastructure, and the regulator’s human capital. Conclusions. The synergy of state regulation, self-regulation, and risk-based supervision constitutes the foundation of the resilience of Ukraine’s banking sector. It will contribute to enhancing investment attractiveness, strengthening financial security, and integrating Ukraine into the European and global financial space.