Faktor Determinan Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah pada Siswi SMP Berdasarkan Teori Perilaku Terencana

ABSTRACT Iron deficiency anemia remains a major nutritional problem among adolescent girls, caused by low dietary iron intake and monthly menstrual blood loss. To prevent anemia, the Indonesian government has implemented a weekly iron supplementation program (Tablet Tambah Darah, TTD) for school-aged girls since 2014. However, adherence to TTD remains low, limiting program effectiveness. Adherence is influenced by students’ attitudes, support from parents or teachers, and perceived behavioral control. This study aimed to examine the relationship between attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control with TTD adherence among adolescent girls. A cross-sectional study was conducted at SMP Kartika II-2 Bandar Lampung, including the total population of seventh- and eighth-grade female students (n = 73). The dependent variable was TTD adherence, measured using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8), while independent variables included attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results showed that 65.8% of students were non-adherent to TTD. Significant associations were found between attitude (p = 0.044; OR = 1.8), subjective norms (p = 0.010; OR = 2.3), and perceived behavioral control (p = 0.000; OR = 3.6) with adherence. It is recommended that schools, through teachers and school health staff, implement a structured weekly TTD schedule and enhance supervision to improve adherence among students ABSTRAK Anemia defisiensi besi masih menjadi masalah gizi pada remaja putri, disebabkan rendahnya asupan zat besi dari makanan sehari-hari dan kehilangan darah bulanan akibat menstruasi. Untuk mencegah anemia, pemerintah Indonesia telah menjalankan program suplementasi zat besi melalui Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD) mingguan bagi siswi sejak 2014. Namun, kepatuhan minum TTD masih rendah sehingga efektivitas program belum optimal. Kepatuhan dipengaruhi oleh sikap, dukungan orang tua atau guru, dan kontrol perilaku yang dimiliki remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara sikap, norma subjektif, dan kontrol perilaku dengan kepatuhan minum TTD pada remaja putri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional di SMP Kartika II-2 Bandar Lampung dengan total populasi siswi kelas VII dan VIII sebanyak 73 orang. Variabel dependen adalah kepatuhan minum TTD, diukur menggunakan Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8), sedangkan variabel independen adalah sikap, norma subjektif, dan kontrol perilaku. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil menunjukkan 65,8% siswi tidak patuh minum TTD. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara sikap (p = 0,044; OR = 1,8), norma subjektif (p = 0,010; OR = 2,3), dan kontrol perilaku (p = 0,000; OR = 3,6) dengan kepatuhan. Disarankan agar sekolah, melalui guru dan petugas UKS, menyusun jadwal pemberian TTD mingguan dan meningkatkan pengawasan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan siswi.