Adoption Determinants and Performance Comparison of Organic and Non-Organic Broccoli Farming in Indonesia

Broccoli holds strong economic potential as a high-value horticultural crop. In response to rising consumer demand for healthier food, organic broccoli farming presents an opportunity to enhance farmers' income and support sustainable agriculture. This study aims to (1) compare the financial performance of organic and non-organic broccoli farming and (2) identify the socio-economic factors influencing the adoption of organic practices in Ngablak Subdistrict, Magelang Regency, Indonesia. A total of 100 farmers (50 organic and 50 non-organic) were selected through purposive sampling. Financial analysis and independent sample t-tests reveal that organic farming, while incurring higher total costs, significantly outperforms non-organic farming in terms of revenue, income, profit, and efficiency, with an average R/C ratio of 3.66 compared to 1.75. Binary logistic regression results show that age and participation in agricultural extension services significantly affect farmers' decisions to adopt organic farming. Younger farmers and those involved in extension activities are more likely to transition to organic systems. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening extension programs and engaging younger farmers to promote sustainable horticultural development.