Characterization of Properties of Used Cooking Oil-Derived Biodiesel and Liquid Insulation towards Sustainable and Environmentally Friendly Reclaimed Products

This study extensively analyzed the use of used cooking oil as biodiesel and liquid insulation in the electrical and energy sectors. Biodiesel offers a sustainable alternative to traditional diesel, while liquid insulation ensures the efficient operation of electrical equipment. The research covered biodiesel's properties, engine performance, and handling, along with liquid insulation's effectiveness. Findings revealed favorable fuel characteristics of biodiesel from used cooking oil, compatible with most engines and emitting fewer pollutants. Liquid insulation showcased exceptional insulating properties suitable for various electrical applications. Biodiesel's advantages include moderate density, lower viscosity, higher flash point, and low acid value, making it an eco-friendly transportation alternative. Cold flow properties support its use in colder climates, with a cloud point of -4°C and a pour point of -9°C. Its high cetane number and calorific value and good oxidative stability index highlight its energy efficiency, contributing to cleaner emissions. Engine tests revealed higher torque, power output, and lower fuel consumption (5.8 L/100 km) compared to conventional diesel, suggesting improved fuel economy. Biodiesel showed lower CO2, CO, NOx, PM, HC, and SO2 emissions, supporting environmental friendliness. Proper handling practices and liquid insulation's dielectric properties, such as a breakdown voltage of 40 kV, dielectric constant of 2.4, high resistivity of 2.5 x 1011 Ωm, and low thermal conductivity (0.19 W/m-K), were emphasized. This research enhances understanding of renewable resource attributes and their potential for long-term energy solutions. Biodiesel production from used cooking oil and its use as liquid insulation promise to reduce environmental impacts and promote eco-friendly practices in the energy and electrical sectors. Adoption of these technologies can significantly contribute to a greener, more sustainable future.