Dose-Response Relationship Between Social Support and Quality of Life in End-Stage Renal Disease

Background and aims: Evaluating quality of life is essential for addressing patients’ fundamental challenges and guiding treatment approaches. This study examined the quality of life and the factors influencing it among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Western Iran over one year, using a census-based approach. Data were collected via the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire and structured social support assessments. Crude and adjusted linear regression models were employed to assess associations. Results: The results indicated that 92.4% of patients reported a moderate quality of life, while 32.8% experienced moderate social support. The mean quality of life score was 50.48±5.86, and the mean social support score was 42.29±5.65. Quality of Life scores increased steadily with rising social support, peaking around a score of 40, followed by a slight decline beyond this threshold. Adjusted regression analysis confirmed that social support significantly enhances quality of life (P=0.032; β=2.86, 95% CI: 1.77, 3.95). Additionally, individuals with higher economic status demonstrated better quality of life outcomes (P<0.001; β=2.48, 95% CI: 0.50, 4.46). Additional significant associations were observed for age group (P=0.01), smoking status (P=0.02), and support from welfare organizations (P=0.01). Conclusion: This study established a direct association between quality of life and social support, with significant connections observed in physical health, social relationships, and overall well-being.