Proposed Architecture and Mathematical Model to Enhance Interference Management in 5G-Enabled M2M Networks

The growing number of connected devices has led to a significant shift in cellular standards, particularly with the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) framework. The fifth-generation (5G) standard supports several innovative mobile technologies, including Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication and Device-to-Device (D2D) communication, enabling a vast network of interconnected intelligent devices. In Nigeria's power system, the deployment of M2M devices within the smart grid has introduced new challenges in resource allocation and interference management. The interference caused by reduced inter-cell distances and the seamless integration of heterogeneous devices into the 5G cellular network leads to a decline in Quality of Service (QoS) and overall network performance. In this paper, we propose an interference-aware architecture for Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication within a smart grid. This architecture aims to mitigate the interference caused by the localization of M2M devices on the grid. Additionally, we will mathematically model the proposed interference mitigation scheme as a multi-objective particle swarm optimization problem, taking into account the complexity of the fitness function and the trade-offs between different particles. As a result of this approach, the interference generated by M2M devices will decrease significantly. Consequently, we expect to achieve a balance between the optimal separation distance of M2M devices and improved network performance.