Synthesis of cellulose and nanocellulose from waste baby diapers using ultrasonication and hydrothermal heating methods

This study illustrates how baby diaper waste is recycled to produce cellulose and nanocellulose. Cellulose was extracted using a chlorine-free method involving nitric and acetic acids, yielding about 20.11±1.08% w/w. Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis of the extracted cellulose and nanocellulose showed long, curved fibres characteristic of cellulose. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy identified various cellulose carbon atoms and functional groups. This research underscores a method for transforming diaper waste into valuable cellulose and nanocellulose, enhancing waste management and promoting environmental conservation.