Next-generation nanocatalysts: Solution for renewable energy generation and storage

Next-generation nanocatalysts are essential in this present era owing to their advantages of large surface areas, tunable electronic properties, structural modification tendency, and high efficiency that can be exploited for renewable energy generation and storage technologies. This review discusses the advancements and designing of nanocatalysts regarding their applications in hydrogen production, solar conversion, and electrochemical energy storage. These nanocatalysts support the advancement of innovative fuel cells, batteries, supercapacitors and reduce the need for currently used conventional precious elements. The rational design approaches for earth-abundant materials that affect catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability for their lasting operational usage suggested their potential in replacing conventional noble metals. This article addresses issues of scalability, environmental impact, and industrial implementation, a roadmap for future innovation. Nanocatalysts have a unique potential to play a pivotal role in achieving global sustainable energy solutions by integrating fundamental research with practical applications.