A comprehensive analysis of palm oil mill effluent as substrate biogas: A bibliometric approach

The evolution, trend, and future development prospects of research on using Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as a biogas substrate were observed. Results exhibited an average POME-focusing publication growth level of 21.74% per year. Chan Y. J. was the most relevant author with 26 publications, and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia was recorded as the most prominent affiliation with 104 publications. The most relevant source was AIP Conference Proceedings (31 articles) in 2005-2024. Malaysia and Indonesia were the two top countries in scientific collaboration and production related to this topic. The thematic map indicated evolution in various zones, with evolving research trends, especially in the fields of co-digestion, bioenergy, food waste, methane production, and circular economy. Results also confirmed the significant potencies of POME as a renewable energy source and in waste conversion into energy through biogas, with production optimization remaining open for further research.