Parental Involvement in Student Mental Health: Challenges and Strategies for Enhancement of Learners in Pumula Cluster in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

Abstract: This study explored Parental Involvement in Student Mental Health within the Pumula Cluster in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, highlighting barriers and strategies for enhancing parental engagement in school-based mental health initiatives. The research identified significant challenges, including cultural stigmas, economic constraints, and systemic inefficiencies that limited effective parental engagement. The study addressed the following research questions: 1) What was the current level of parental awareness and understanding of mental health issues and resources available for students in the Pumula Cluster? 2) What were the primary challenges hindering parental involvement in school-based mental health programs? 3) What strategies could be employed to improve parental engagement in mental health initiatives for learners in the Pumula Cluster? Utilizing Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, the study adopted a qualitative approach with a case study design. The population comprised 1,149 students aged 15-24 across three public and three private high schools. A sample of 32 participants was selected through purposive and snowball sampling techniques, involving semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions for data collection. Thematic analysis was employed to interpret the findings, revealing significant gaps in parental knowledge, ineffective communication, and profound cultural stigmas. The study concluded that improved educational outreach, addressing cultural barriers, and enhancing communication strategies were essential for fostering greater parental involvement. Recommendations included conducting regular workshops for parents, developing comprehensive communication strategies leveraging technology, and establishing community-based programs to mitigate cultural stigmas. This study underscored the need for systemic strategies to enhance parental engagement in mental health initiatives, critical for improving student well-being in low-resource contexts.