Lean procurement for sustainable industrial distribution: A case study on efficiency and waste reduction at public safety companies

This study investigates the application of lean procurement strategies to reduce lead time in distribution-based supply chains, focusing on improving both efficiency and sustainability. The objective was to identify key inefficiencies in the procurement of mask products and propose lean-based improvements. A case study was conducted using a combination of lean tools, including Value Stream Mapping, Waste Relationship Matrix, Waste Assessment Questionnaire, and 5W+2H analysis. Data were collected through field observations, interviews, and structured questionnaires involving procurement and warehouse personnel. The results revealed that 23.37% of Waiting and 22.32% of Motion were the most significant waste contributors. Key bottlenecks occurred during vendor negotiations, delivery confirmations, and goods receipt. Lean interventions, such as scheduled follow-ups, delivery contract clauses, and the use of internal transport resources, reduced the total procurement lead time from 14,498 minutes to 8,738 minutes, a 39% reduction. These improvements also supported green and sustainable operations by minimizing warehouse energy use, reducing transport-related emissions, and enhancing digital efficiency. The study provides a practical model for integrating lean and sustainable procurement practices in distribution settings. It contributes to the growing literature on green technology and industrial sustainability by demonstrating how lean principles can align with environmental goals. Further research could explore the role of digital twins and organizational readiness in scaling such interventions.