Mixtures of Fuels: Densities and Excess Molar Volumes in Binary and Ternary Systems Containing Biodiesel at Temperatures of 293.15 - 353.15 K and Ambient Pressure

The density of the biodiesel, butanol, and diesel components, binary mixtures of biodiesel + butanol, biodiesel + diesel, and butanol + diesel components, and ternary mixture of biodiesel + butanol + the densities of diesel were experimentally determined at temperatures of (29315, 31315, 33315, 35315) *10-2K, under standard atmospheri pressure. Measurements with a step length of 0.1 have been performed in the interval from 0 to 1. Densities were measured with an Anton Paar DMA 4100 M densitometer. Observations indicated that, the amount of additional molar volume for binary systems of biodiesel + butanol was negative with increasing temperature, which indicated the physical interactions between butanol and biodiesel; while in ternary systems, different behavior had been observed at different temperatures. The Redlich-Kister (R-K) formula was utilized to approximate the excess molar volumes of binary systems, with coefficients being determined vi a polynomial theory. Ultimately, standard deviations and correlation coefficients were computed to validate the subsequent experimental data based on the R.K model The excess molar volume in the 0.6 molar fractions of biodiesel, 0.2 diesel, 0.2 butanol in the biodiesel+diesel+butanol ternary system reached to highest negative value of -1.094 cm3/mol with increasing temperature.