Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Novel Nano 3D Porous Scaffold Polymeric Reinforced with Bioactive Ceramic Nanoparticles for Sufficient Tissue Regeneration

In the field of dentistry, bio-scaffolds with complex shapes and biocompatible properties are frequently utilized for root canal regeneration. The objective of this study was to assess the viability of polymeric cylinder-shaped materials with equivalent porosity for use in root canal regeneration. This study aimed to investigate the mechanical properties and optimal scaffold conditions of cylindrical and cubic structures made of polylactic acid (PLA) and electroconductive PLA (EC-PLA) materials with the same level of porosity using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method. In addition, the study examined the shape and size of the root canal and compared the mechanical strength of the different filling materials. The resin-based materials exhibited favorable mechanical and biological properties with higher mechanical performance. The polymer used in this study was biocompatible, semi-crystalline possessed a glass transition temperature of approximately 55-59°C, a melting point of 174-184°C, a tensile strength of 50-70 MPa, and suitable water penetration. The materials used were biocompatible and had desirable properties for root canal filling, such as good adhesion to tooth structure and appropriate flowability. The study developed a micromechanical model to predict the effects of scaffold composition and porosity on mechanical properties. The model incorporated parameters like volume fraction of components, porosity, and elastic properties of the individual phases. The model predictions were compared to experimental data to validate the approach. In conclusion, the cylindrical structure incorporated with electroconductive material showed favorable mechanical and biological characteristics, indicating its potential as a viable option for root canal regeneration in the field of dentistry.