Green Constitution in the Digital Age: Bridging Traditional Wisdom and Smart Environmental Policy

Indonesia’s constitutional guarantee of the right to a good and healthy environment reflects a strong commitment to ecological justice. However, implementation faces persistent legal, institutional, and digital barriers. In the digital era, the state must integrate environmental rights with technological innovation while valuing local wisdom in resource governance. This study examines how Indonesia’s Green Constitution can be revitalized through harmonizing constitutional mandates, digital environmental governance, and indigenous ecological knowledge. Employing a normative-juridical approach, it analyzes constitutional provisions, statutory laws, and Constitutional Court decisions alongside digital initiatives such as SP4N-LAPOR! and the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI). The findings reveal that although legal frameworks exist, enforcement remains uneven and digital systems often marginalize rural and indigenous communities. Yet, successful cases in Tangerang Selatan and Badung show that when leadership, institutional capacity, and digital access converge, technology can strengthen environmental accountability. This research proposes a human-centered, rights-based model of digital environmental governance rooted in local wisdom and sustained by legal reform. Its novelty lies in conceptualizing the integration of digital governance and indigenous knowledge as a constitutional pathway to bridge the gap between normative principles and practical realities in Indonesia’s environmental protection regime.