Securing 5G Networks with Blockchain: On Authentication Strategies and Challenges

Fifth generation (5G) cellular network has an incredible feature to connect massive devices and gives promising services to various applications. EAP-AKA and 5G-AKA protocols are used in 5G for authentication. These existing authentication mechanisms is not well effective and challenged by vulnerabilities. This is posing serious threats to both privacy and network security. Blockchain is one of method to secure 5G authentication parameters. So, This paper is based on an analysis of blockchain-enabled authentication methods for 5G networks. It reviews multiple frameworks and provides a comparative analysis of their advantages, drawbacks, and opportunities for future research. we examine literature from three databases (Scopus, WoS, and MDPI) from 2019 to 2025. Inclusion and exclusion criteria are selected for extract quality of papers for analysis. only those papers are considered which have clear methodology, architectures, frameworks, or protocols relevant to the study. Finally, it gives future research directions by discussing challenges of existing frameworks.