The effect of crop rotation on productivity and grain quality of Alexeevich winter wheat

The article identifies the optimal crop rotations to improve soil fertility in the moderately saline meadow-alluvial soils of Bukhara region and to produce a high and quality grain yield of the new Alexeevich variety of winter wheat. It provides a detailed analysis of the effects of crop rotations on the grain yield of winter wheat of the new Alexeevich variety, including yield components such as average ear length, number of grains per ear, grain mass per ear, yield and quality indicators—glassiness, protein, gluten, gluten index (GI), thousand-grain weight, grain bulk density, and overall bread-making quality score. In the control variant (fallow without crop rotation), the average grain yield was 60.6 c/ha. When winter wheat was planted after crop rotations with grain sorghum (for silage), maize (for silage), and white maize (for silage), the grain yield increased by 3.9 to 7.0 c/ha, reaching 64.5, 66.5, and 67.6 c/ha, respectively, compared to the control. When winter wheat was sown after legumes such as beans and mung beans, the grain yield reached 70.2–71.4 c/ha, which is 9.6–10.8 c/ha higher than the control (fallow without crop rotation). Based on the experimental results, recommendations have been made for agricultural production.