Case Study on Ventilation Performance Improvement Considering the Effect of Vertical Connection in Multi-Story Underground Parking Facilities

This study investigates the ventilation characteristics of multi-story underground parking facilities. The original ventilation design was inefficient due to significant non-uniformity in airflow distribution, mainly because the air supply inlet was skewed toward the exhaust outlet or predominantly directed upward. The third basement level performed particularly poorly, exhibiting high airflow velocities in the lower section and numerous stagnant zones in the upper section. An alternative design, which evenly distributed the supplied airflow between the upper and lower regions, improved airflow uniformity and reduced air age, enhancing overall ventilation performance. Although average airflow velocities remained similar under the same air supply conditions, adjusting the discharge orientation of the air supply and induced fans, along with reducing the number of airflow pathways, resulted in a more homogeneous airflow distribution and improved exhaust flow. This study also emphasizes that evaluations of multi-story underground parking facilities often focus on a single floor, neglecting the impact of lighting. Incorporating the effects of lamps is crucial, as they can alter local airflow patterns and significantly increase air age in their vicinity.